Natural and complementary therapies for fertility focus on a holistic approach to improve reproductive health, balance hormones, and reduce stress. Also known as traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM), they are practices and remedies outside mainstream medical care. These have been known to be used by some people in conjunction with conventional fertility treatments, like in vitro fertilisation (IVF), for improved outcomes. T&CM includes a wide variety of approaches such as acupuncture, yoga, hypnosis, nutritional therapy, and herbal medicines, many of which are rooted in cultural traditions and holistic health philosophies focused on prevention and overall well-being.
Acupuncture is one of the most discussed complementary therapies in fertility care. It involves inserting fine sterilised needles into specific points on the body to stimulate nerve endings, improve blood flow, and support hormone balance. Acupuncture advocates suggest that it may help enhance ovarian and uterine blood flow, support hormone regulation, improve menstrual cycle regularity, and reduce stress, which in turn might create a more supportive reproductive environment. Some people also believe it may positively affect sperm health by improving motility and count. However, while some individuals report benefits like relaxation and stress relief, high-quality scientific evidence on acupuncture’s direct impact on fertility outcomes remains limited.
Yoga is another complementary practice highlighted. Fertility-focused yoga focuses on postures and breathing techniques that aim to reduce stress and tension in the body and improve overall physical and mental well-being. Certain poses are thought to increase blood flow to the pelvic region, support healthy reproductive tissue, and promote hormonal balance. The practice is also valued for its potential to reduce stress and anxiety, factors that some believe can indirectly support fertility efforts.
Physical activity is a natural therapy and should include moderate exercise. Regular activity improves blood flow and weight management. Maintaining a moderate weight is critical, as both underweight and overweight states can disrupt menstrual cycles and ovulation. It is important to note that excessively high-intensity exercise (5+ hours/week) can negatively impact ovulation. Fertility-specific massage techniques aim to improve circulation to the pelvic area and address pelvic adhesions.
Hypnosis (hypnotherapy) is described as a complementary relaxation method that can help with mental and emotional readiness for conception. It is said to reduce stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline and raise calming hormones such as endorphins and oxytocin. While scientific evidence is still emerging, some individuals use hypnotherapy to help regulate emotional responses and reduce anxiety, which could indirectly support fertility.
Nutritional therapy emphasises the importance of a balanced diet during the reproductive process. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid, CoQ10, zinc, selenium, and vitamins C and E are identified as potentially supporting egg and sperm health, improving IVF outcomes, and contributing to weight management and hormonal balance. Incorporating foods rich in antioxidants, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains, may help neutralise free radicals that can damage reproductive cells. It is important not to take large doses of any single vitamin or supplement without medical advice, as individual needs vary. It is wise to consult your doctor before starting any combination of supplements with the intention of improving fertility.
Some dietary adjustments may include:
- Mediterranean Diet: Rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats like olive oil; linked to higher live birth rates in assisted reproductive technology (ART).
- Macronutrient Balance: Increasing vegetable protein (beans, nuts) over animal protein and choosing high-fat dairy can lower ovulatory infertility
- Managing Carbs: Low-glycaemic and lower-carb diets are especially beneficial for those with PCOS to manage insulin levels.
- Timing: Eating a substantial breakfast and a smaller dinner may help improve hormonal balance for those with PCOS.
There are herbal medicines traditionally used to support fertility. Herbs like vitex (chasteberry), black cohosh, red clover, evening primrose oil, maca, cinnamon, and dong quai have their historical and traditional reputations in enhancing reproductive health. For example:
- Vitex (chasteberry) is thought to help normalise progesterone levels and support ovulation
- Black cohosh contains phytoestrogens and nutrients that may support menstrual regularity and ovulation
- Red clover is nutrient-rich and may help hormonal balance in both men and women
- Evening primrose oil and maca are valued for hormone support and stress resilience
- Cinnamon is suggested to stimulate reproductive system function
- Dong quai is a traditional Chinese herb believed to increase blood flow and hormonal balance
While these herbs and complementary practices have long been used in various cultures to support reproductive health, their effects on fertility are not as well-documented in rigorous scientific studies as conventional medical treatments. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to consult a qualified healthcare provider before using herbal medicines or supplements, especially when undergoing fertility treatments like IVF. Herbs can interact with medications or have unintended effects, so personalised guidance from a trained expert is important for safe use.
In summary, traditional and complementary therapies, ranging from acupuncture and yoga to herbal medicines and nutrition, are used by many individuals seeking additional support during their fertility journeys. While they may offer benefits such as stress reduction, hormonal support, and general well-being, they are best considered supportive options rather than substitutes for evidence-based fertility treatments. Professional guidance and careful integration with medical care are essential to ensure safety and maximise overall reproductive health.
This blog by IVF Australia delves into exploring T&CM for improved fertility outcomes.
